After-Effects of Athletics

CU Athletics

The Empirical Effects of Collegiate Athletics: an Update

Medical aspects of competitive athletics.

In longer races an increasing proportion of the energy for running comes from the aerobic mechanism of energy liberation. Aerobic mechanisms contribute just over half the total energy required in running a mile but more than three-quarters of the energy required in running three miles. In the presence of adequate supplies of oxygen, pyruvic acid is not converted to lactic acid but itself underg...

Blood Transfusion and Athletics

* * In 1976, the Medical Commission ofthe International Olympic Committee formally condemned the practice of blood transfusion for athletes in good health. As ofthis writing, however, blood doping has not been explicitly forbidden. The Author discusses important and controversial questions such as: does blood transfusion afford world-class athletes a substantial competitive advantage? Is this p...

on translation of politeness strategies in dialogues involving female characters in translations and retranslations of novels translated before and after the islamic revolution of iran and their effects on the image of women: a polysystem theory approach

abstract reception environment has considerable effects on accepting a translation. as the expectations of a target culture and its values and needs change throughout history, its criteria for accepting a translation or rejecting it will change accordingly (gentzler, 2001). the expectations of iran, as the reception environment in the present study, have changed after the islamic revolution. i...